Maps

This map shows the internal net migration in 2022 as a percentage of the total population. This map shows the internal net migration in 2022 as a percentage of the total population. The small map shows the result on a regional level, and the big map on the municipal level. Internal (sometimes referred to as domestic) net migration refers to migration between municipalities and regions within the same country. International migration is excluded. In 2022, internal net migration was positive (indicated by shades of blue) or at least balanced (shown in yellow) in several municipalities in central and southern Sweden and Norway, as well as in central and northern Finland – areas that traditionally were more likely to lose population due to internal migration. Conversely, several municipalities in the capital regions – such as Stockholm, Oslo, and Copenhagen – exhibited negative internal net migration. Several municipalities across the Nordic Region, including in more remote and rural areas, continued to register positive internal net migration in this year. In Iceland, positive migration predominated in most of the municipalities, and the Faroe Islands also presented positive net migration. Greenland oscillated mainly between positive and negative migration flows, while Åland presented the whole spectrum of positive, balanced, and negative net migration for this year.

This Christmas, we’re gifting all fellow data nerds our first-ever interactive 3D map! The map displays the number of residents in each 1km grid cell, with the height of the bars representing the number of residents in each area.

This map shows the municipal and regional borders of the Nordic Region as of 1 January 2023*, the names refer to the regions. The Nordic Region is vast and has a diverse physical geography, stretching from the northern edge of the European mainland to north of the Arctic Circle. It consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, as well as the three self-governing regions, the Faroe Islands and Greenland (both part of the Kingdom of Denmark) and Åland (part of the Republic of Finland). The table below summarises the administrative structure in each of the Nordic countries. These structures form the basis for the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) classification, a hierarchical system dividing European states into statistical units for research purposes. In general, the NUTS and Local Administrative Units (LAU) classifications follow existing divisions, but this may differ from country to country. Light grey frames represent the regional level presented In Nordregio’s map. As of 1 Jan 2023, there were 66 regions at this level. Dark grey frames show the local units represented in most of the municipal maps. As of 1 Jan 2023 there were 1,133 units at this level.

Voting turnout in 2023 (or latest national election). The map illustrates voter turnout as a percentage point relative to national averages, highlighting differences in participation levels between countries. This method removes inter-country differences in participation levels, providing a clearer view of the urban-rural divide. Lower turnout is observed in eastern Finland, northern Sweden, and the more rural parts of Denmark. In Norway, the lowest turnout occurs in the north and in municipalities outside Oslo. Nationally, the highest voter turnouts are in the Faroe Islands (88%), Sweden (84.2%), and Denmark (84.16%). Lower participation rates are found in Iceland (80.1%), Norway (77.2%), Finland (68.5%), and Greenland (65.9%).

The map shows the geographical delimitation of cross-border regions and committees financed by the Nordic Council of Ministers as of December 2021.

The map shows the share of cross border commuters in the total employees with residence in a NUTS2 Nordic Region in 2015. The darker the blue, the higher the share. For the most NUTS2 regions in the Nordic, the percent is lower than 0,5%, indicating the commuting workers are the absolute minority in the total employed people. Åland (2,6%) and the South Sweden region (2,7%) stand out with more than 2% of employees in the region commuting cross-border for work. The destination country for Åland workers is Sweden, while for Swedish workers living in the south is Denmark. The commuting pattern is also apparent for the Swedish NUTS2 regions along the border line with Norway, with relatively higher percent of cross border workers commuting to Norway compared with other Nordic NUTS2 regions. At a finer scale (e.g., NUTS3) would show higher percentages in a number of regions, e.g., by taking only the NUTS 3 region – Skåne instead of the NUTS 2 region South Sweden (Skåne+Blekinge) or the border regions between NO and SE.

The map builds on statistics of cross-border commuters with residence in a NUTS2 Nordic region commute for work in 2015. For each NUTS2 region, the map shows the total number of commuters who commute to other Nordic countries for work. The number of commuters is categorised into three groups visualised in different shades: the darker, the higher the number of commuters. In addition, the most common country these commuters commute to from each region is identified by specific colours. For example, the darkest red indicates a region with at least 2,000 commuters working in another Nordic country, of which the largest group number of commuters works in Denmark. The most commuters were from the region of South Sweden (16 543) in 2015, and the majority of them commuted to Denmark for work. Norway is the most popular destination for work commuters in the Nordic Region, e.g., all Swedish regions except for the South Sweden region, all the regions in Denmark except for the Copenhagen region, and Iceland. Sweden is more attractive for work commuters living in Finland, Copenhagen region, and bordering regions in Norway.

The map shows the geographical delimitation of cross-border regions and committees financed by the Nordic Council of Ministers.

The map illustrates the accessibility of out-patient drop-in care during non-office hours and in-patient care in South Karelia in Finland. The colours represent car ride times in minutes from the place of residency to the nearest health care facility within a certain service type, with a travel range of 10 minutes to two hours. The health care facilities are also located on the map. Both drop-in care during non-office hours (24/7) and in-patient care are available in two health care facilities in the region. These are located in Lappeenranta and Imatra respectively, making the service more accessible in these two municipalities. Our accessibility analysis suggests that in-patient care is accessible to 63.5% of the population within a 10-minute car ride. The vast majority of the inhabitants (98.6%) can reach a hospital for in-patient care within a one-hour car ride. As the largest municipality in South Karelia, Lappeenranta is equipped with adequate health care resources. Most of these health care services are easily accessible for the inhabitants in the municipality, other than for highly specialised in-patient care. None of the 19 health care facilities in South Karelia offers highly specialised in-patient care.

The map illustrates the accessibility of out-patient drop-in care during office hours in South Karelia in Finland. The colours represent car ride times in minutes from the place of residency to the nearest health care facility within a certain service type, with a travel range of 10 minutes to two hours. The health care facilities are also located on the map. In South Karelia, 10 out of the 19 health care facilities provide out-patient drop-in care services during office hours. Over three-in-four (77.7%) inhabitants in the region are able to access drop-in health care during office hours within a ten-minute car ride, and a half-hour car ride covers the vast majority (98.4%) of the regional population

The map illustrates the accessibility of primary care during office hours in South Karelia in Finland. The colours represent car ride times in minutes from the place of residency to the nearest health care facility within a certain service type, with a travel range of 10 minutes to two hours. The health care facilities are also located on the map. The population in South Karelia is one-fifth of that in Nordjylland, and the region has 12 health care facilities in total, of which 11 provide primary out-patient care. A 10-minute car ride covers 89.7% of the regional population, while 99.0% of the population can reach a doctor within a halfhour car ride. In terms of primary care, Lappeenranta is one of the municipalities with the most extensive accessibility across the region.

The map shows the share of total population that use the online medical record service Omakanta in Finland. These figures are of particular interest in the context of the urban-rural digital divide. The darkest green shade on the map indicates the highest share of users, while the darkest purple shade indicates the lowest share of users.  As can be seen in the map and the chart, there are urban-rural differences in the platform usage, since population in urban areas seems to have a higher usage. Another observation from the map is that many municipalities with a high share of population with Swedish as a mother tongue have the lowest Omakanta user ratio. All Nordic countries have established national e-health portals through which citizens can access evidence-based health care information, receive advice in case of illness or health worries, and carry out certain actions related to health care. Even though the e-services available on these platforms vary between different Nordic countries, all platforms provide access to electronic health records.

Average annual flows above 1000 people by country of origin Migration flows by country of origin are of growing interest in the Nordic Region due to the recent unprecedented inflows of migrants. There are also interesting differences between the Nordic countries with respect to the dominant countries of origin of migrants and the size of inflows. Finland had only four inflows exceeding annual averages of 1000 people during the measured period. The inflow from Estonia was by far the largest, an annual average of around 5000 people, flowed by inflows from Sweden and Russia (just under 3000), and the United Kingdom (around 1000).

In Finland the reindeer herding area is divided into the Special Reindeer Herding Area and the Reindeer Herding Area

By 1 January 2015